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Source-backed profile

Data Scientists

Develop and implement a set of techniques or analytics applications to transform raw data into meaningful information using data-oriented programming languages and visualization software. Apply data mining, data modeling, natural language processing, and machine learning to extract and analyze information from large structured and unstructured datasets. Visualize, interpret, and report data findings. May create dynamic data reports.

BLS SOC 15-2051 · O*NET-SOC 15-2051.00 · BLS 2025–2035 · O*NET 31.0

Median annual wage, 2025

$120,230

Projected change, 2025–2035

34.6%

2025–2035 annual average openings

24,800

AI exposure

Very high

Editorial analysis

AI can build models. Data scientists still have to decide what is worth modeling.

Data scientists are both users of AI and builders of the systems behind it. New tools can write analysis code, suggest visualizations, clean data, generate features, compare models, explain statistical methods, and create natural-language summaries of results. That reduces much of the mechanical work between receiving a dataset and exploring it.

It also exposes an old truth more clearly: sophisticated modeling cannot rescue a badly framed question.

The hard parts were never only mathematical

  1. Determine whether the available data actually represents the phenomenon being studied.
  2. Choose a useful business or scientific question rather than merely an interesting model.
  3. Separate genuine predictive signal from leakage, bias, coincidence, and artifacts.
  4. Explain uncertainty well enough that decision-makers understand what the result can and cannot support.

Some routine modeling work may become accessible to analysts who are not data scientists, but the demand for deeper expertise can remain strong where the consequences are significant or the data is messy. Data scientists who combine statistics, experimentation, engineering, domain knowledge, and AI evaluation may have an advantage over those whose expertise is mainly operating a particular modeling tool.

Labor-market picture

Two measures, different questions

These measures offer two different ways to understand the occupation: BLS projections show how national employment may change over time, while relative AI exposure highlights where tasks may intersect with AI-related capabilities. Read them with the work profile and your local context to decide what deserves closer investigation.

Employment

Employment, 2025
275,600 jobs
Projected employment, 2035
371,000 jobs
Projected change, 20252035
95,400 jobs (34.6%)

Relative AI exposure

BLS category: Very high. This is a relative task-exposure classification, not a forecast of employment change, automation, wages, or worker replacement.

Relative AI exposure · Very high

Work profile

Representative tasks

These task statements come from O*NET 31.0. They are source facts, not labels assigned by the AI exposure measure.

  • Analyze, manipulate, or process large sets of data using statistical software.
  • Create graphs, charts, or other visualizations to convey the results of data analysis using specialized software.
  • Test, validate, and reformulate models to ensure accurate prediction of outcomes of interest.
  • Deliver oral or written presentations of the results of mathematical modeling and data analysis to management or other end users.
  • Recommend data-driven solutions to key stakeholders.
  • Identify business problems or management objectives that can be addressed through data analysis.

Skills that matter

Skills in the source profile

Importance uses O*NET's 1–5 scale. Level uses its 0–7 scale. Select a skill to see its source definition and reported values.

Technology and tools

These technology records come from O*NET and show software or tools reported in the occupation profile. They describe work context, not a required checklist for every employer.

  • Business intelligence and data analysis software
  • Data base user interface and query software
  • Storage networking software
  • Cloud-based management software
  • Procedure management software
  • Data base management system software
  • Development environment software
  • Industrial control software

Preparation

Typical entry education
Bachelor's degree
Related experience
None
On-the-job training
None

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Ask Dr. Morgan Reed about this evidence

Morgan is the JobShift Atlas analyst powered by AI. Answers draw from the evidence on this page and explain what it can tell you.

Source provenance

Labor-market and exposure facts: bls-ep-2025-35. Work profile: onet-31.0. Verify release details on the Sources page.